The startling climax comes in verses 14–15. Jude names “Enoch, the seventh from Adam” and gives him a prophecy about the Lord coming with a vast holy company to judge evil. The wording is very close to 1 Enoch 1:9, an ancient Jewish writing outside the biblical canon. Fragments of Enoch were found among the Dead Sea Scrolls, showing that this tradition existed and circulated among some Jews long before the medieval copies through which the full work later survived.

Evidence boundary: Jude’s use of Enoch is historically important, but using words from an outside source does not automatically declare every surviving line of that source to be Scripture. We can confidently show what Jude uses, what the Dead Sea Scrolls prove about the age of the tradition, and where stronger claims go beyond the evidence.