First Chronicles groups sabbaths, new moons, and appointed feasts inside Israel’s ordered worship; Colossians repeats the same sacred-calendar triad when describing such observances as a shadow whose substance belongs to Christ. Paul is therefore invoking an established biblical worship formula rather than three unrelated practices.

Hosea 2:11 groups feast days, new moons, and sabbaths in one three-part calendar formula; Colossians 2:16 repeats the same festival/new moon/sabbath sequence while warning believers not to be judged over such observances. The verbal pattern makes the connection stronger than a merely general interest in sacred calendars.

Colossians calls calendar/food observances a shadow of things to come with the reality belonging to Christ; Hebrews calls the law a shadow of good things to come rather than the very image of them.

Galatians 4 and Colossians 2 both use stoicheia (“elements/elements of the world”) language while warning against forms of religious bondage. Both also mention calendar or rule-based observances, making the lexical and conceptual overlap significant even though the precise referent of stoicheia remains debated.

Foreshadowing / mirroring — strong canonical trajectory: Colossians 2:16–17 names festival, new-moon, and Sabbath observances as “a shadow of things to come” and says the substance/body belongs to Christ. Leviticus 23 is a central Torah calendar of appointed times, so Paul gives explicit Christ-directed shadow language at the system level even though he does not quote Leviticus 23 by name.