Mustard Seed and Leaven: The Kingdom at Work
The kingdom is compared to a mustard seed that becomes large enough for birds to lodge in its branches and to leaven working invisibly through a mass of dough. Both images contrast small beginnings with disproportionate results.
Where this fits in the story: Scripture frequently uses trees and birds for kingdoms and peoples, while leaven can carry different symbolic meanings depending on context. Here the point is not that leaven is inherently evil, but that a little hidden presence transforms the whole.