Goliath’s Challenge
Start here: The Philistines gathered for war against Israel, and from their camp emerged Goliath of Gath, a formidable champion armed with massive armor and weapons. Ancient textual witnesses preserve two different heights for Goliath, so the evidence layer explains the familiar nearly-ten-foot reading alongside the shorter ancient reading. He challenged Israel to send one man to fight him in single combat, declaring that the losing side would serve the other. For forty days he mocked Israel and defied the armies of the living God, striking fear into Saul and all the Israelites.